RTL Brief Summary

To recreate a data frame with the similar variables used in the Tamura et al. (2020) paper, missing data was removed to isolate injuries with specified dates for each RTP stage. New variables were then created to represent the number of days between:

  • Onset and RTP 1
  • RTP 1 and RTP 2
  • RTP 2 and RTP 3
  • RTP 3 and RTP 4
  • RTP 4 and RTP 5
  • RTP 5 and RTP 6
  • RTP 6 and RTP 7
  • Total number of days from onset to RTP 7

With missing data from the individual RTP dates removed, the sample consists of 850 injuries.

Onset to RTP 1

RTP 1 to RTP 2

RTP 2 to RTP 3

RTP 3 to RTP 4

RTP 4 to RTP 5

RTP 5 to RTP 6

RTP 6 to RTP 7

Onset to RTP 7

Post-Injury 1 Symptom/Test Score Comparison

Post-Injury 1 test and symptom scores were isolated within the ImPACT data set, which consists of 10,042 assessments. To explore the relationship between reported PCSS symptom severity and performance on ImPACT composite scores, PCSS responses were broken down into four categories:

  • Total Symptom Score: Sum of responses of all 22 symptoms
  • Total Somatic Symptom Score: Sum of somatic symptoms
  • Total Psychological Symptom Score: Sum of psychological symptoms
  • Total Cognitive Symptom Score: Sum of cognitive symptoms

Somatic Symptoms:

  • Headache (Item 1)
  • Nausea (Item 2)
  • Vomiting (Item 3)
  • Balance Problems (Item 4)
  • Dizziness (Item 5)
  • Fatigue (Item 6)
  • Trouble falling asleep (Item 7)
  • Excessive sleep (Item 8)
  • Loss of sleep (Item 9)
  • Drowsiness (Item 10)
  • Light sensitivity (Item 11)
  • Noise sensitivity (Item 12)
  • Visual problems (Item 22)

Psychological Symptoms

  • Irritability (Item 13)
  • Sadness (Item 14)
  • Nervousness (Item 15)
  • More emotional (Item 16)
  • Numbness (Item 17)

Cognitive Symptoms

  • Feeling “slow” (Item 18)
  • Feeling “foggy” (Item 19)
  • Difficulty concentrating (Item 20)
  • Difficulty remembering (Item 21)

Verbal Memory

PCSS Total Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Somatic Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Psychological Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Cognitive Symptom Score Comparison

Visual Memory

PCSS Total Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Somatic Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Psychological Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Cognitive Symptom Score Comparison

Visual Motor

PCSS Total Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Somatic Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Psychological Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Cognitive Symptom Score Comparison

Impulse Control

Higher Impulse Control scores indicate poorer performance.

PCSS Total Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Somatic Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Psychological Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Cognitive Symptom Score Comparison

Reaction Time

Higher Reaction Time scores indicate poorer performance.

PCSS Total Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Somatic Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Psychological Symptom Score Comparison

PCSS Cognitive Symptom Score Comparison